Gelato
  • Introduction
    • Gelato, The Web3 Cloud Platform
  • Smart Wallets
    • Introduction
      • Understanding EIP-7702
      • Understanding ERC-4337
      • ERC-4337 vs EIP-7702
    • Templates & Examples
    • How-To Guides
      • Sponsor gas for your users
      • Allow users to pay gas with erc20
      • Allow users to pay gas with native
      • Use Dynamic/Privy signers with React SDK
      • Estimate Gas for your transactions
    • React SDK
    • Demo
    • Supported Networks
  • Rollup As A Service
    • Introduction
    • Rollup Stacks
      • Arbitrum Orbit
        • Run a Full Orbit Node
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        • Run OP Node
    • Deploy your Rollup
    • Customization
      • Data Availability
        • Celestia
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        • Eigen DA
      • Custom Gas Token
      • Marketplace
        • Gelato Services
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      • Verifier Node Package
    • Public Testnet
  • RPC Nodes
    • Introduction
    • Compute Units
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  • Web3 Services
    • Web3 Functions
      • Understanding Web3 Functions
        • Trigger Types
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      • Quick Start
        • Writing Typescript Functions
          • Event Trigger
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        • Test, Deploy & Run Typescript functions
        • Writing Solidity Functions
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        • Initiate an Automated Transaction
      • Create a Web3 Function Task
        • Using the UI
        • Using the Safe App
        • Using a Smart Contract
        • Using the Automate SDK
      • Analytics & Monitoring
      • Supported Networks
      • Subscription & Payments
      • Legacy Automate Migration Guide
    • Relay
      • What is Relaying?
      • Security Considerations
        • ERC-2771 Delegatecall Vulnerability
      • Templates
      • Quick Start
        • Sponsored Calls
        • Non-Sponsored Calls
      • ERC-2771 (recommended)
        • SponsoredCallERC2771
        • CallWithSyncFeeERC2771
          • Relay Context Contracts ERC2771
      • Non-ERC-2771
        • SponsoredCall
        • CallWithSyncFee
          • Relay Context Contracts
      • Relay API
      • Gelato's Fee Oracle
      • Tracking your Relay Request
      • Supported Networks
      • Subscriptions and Payments
        • 1Balance & Relay
        • SyncFee Payment Tokens
        • Relay Pricing
      • ERC2771 Migration Guide
    • VRF
      • Understanding VRF
      • How does Gelato VRF Work?
      • Security Considerations
      • Template
      • Quick Start
      • Create a VRF Task
        • Create a Fallback VRF
        • Migrating from Chainlink VRF
      • Supported Networks
      • Pricing & Rate Limits
    • Oracles
      • Understanding Gelato Oracles
      • Quick Start
      • Data Providers
        • Stork
        • Choas Labs
      • Migrating from Chainlink Oracles
      • Available Price Feeds
      • Supported Networks
      • Pricing & Rate Limits
    • Account Abstraction
      • Understanding ERC-4337
      • Introduction to Gelato Bundler
      • Templates & Examples
      • Quick Start
      • Supported Networks
      • Bundler API Endpoints
        • eth_sendUserOperation
        • eth_estimateUserOperationGas
        • eth_getUserOperationByHash
        • eth_getUserOperationReceipt
        • eth_supportedEntryPoints
        • eth_maxPriorityFeePerGas
        • eth_chainId
    • 1Balance
      • 1Balance Alerts
      • Subscription Plans
      • Subscription Notifications
      • USDC Addresses
    • AI Agents
    • Teams
  • GELATO DAO
    • DAO & Token (GEL)
    • GEL Token Contracts
    • Governance Process
  • Social Media
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On this page
  • Solving the EOA vs Smart Contract Divide
  • Key Benefits
  • How It Works
  1. Smart Wallets
  2. Introduction

Understanding EIP-7702

EIP-7702 is a proposed enhancement to the Ethereum protocol, slated for inclusion in the 2025 Pectra hardfork. It introduces a new transaction type that allows Externally Owned Accounts (EOAs) to delegate their execution logic to a smart contract. This is achieved via a "delegation designator" field, which specifies a smart contract address. When a transaction is sent to the EOA, the logic at the designated smart contract is executed, while preserving the EOA as the msg.sender.

Solving the EOA vs Smart Contract Divide

Historically, Ethereum users have faced a tradeoff between simplicity and programmability. EOAs are straightforward and widely adopted, but lack advanced capabilities like transaction batching, gasless transactions, and multi-chain orchestration. Smart Contract Accounts (SCAs) offer these features but require users to migrate funds and identity to a new address—leading to friction, fragmented liquidity, and user resistance.

EIP-7702 removes this divide, allowing EOAs to behave like smart accounts without changing their address. This preserves the user’s on-chain history, identity, and asset location, while enabling rich smart account features.

Key Benefits

By delegating to smart contracts at the protocol level, EIP-7702 enables:

  • Transaction Batching

  • Gas Sponsorships & ERC-20 Gas Payments (even cross-chain)

  • Passkey and Session-Based Signers

  • Account Portability & Identity Preservation

How It Works

EIP-7702 introduces a new transaction type with an authorizations field. When the EOA signs an authorization message, this delegation is recorded by the network. All subsequent transactions sent to the EOA will trigger execution of the linked smart contract's logic. Unlike proxy contracts, this delegation is handled natively at the protocol level—removing the need for deploying per-user contracts and improving gas efficiency.

Up to this point, you’ve explored an overview of EIP-7702 and its functionality. Now, you’ll gain an understanding of the key features of ERC-4337

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Last updated 1 day ago